A sprinkler system comprises sprinklers, hose, connector, stand, end cap, filter and pump. The pipes carry the water under pressure from water source to the sprinkler inlets and are sprinkled over the crop through the sprinkler nozzle. The jets, ejected from the nozzles at a given initial velocity, break down into different sized droplets. In the absence of wind or in a slow wind conditions better uniformity of water distribution is obtained. Several types of sprinklers are available for irrigating various crops. The use of small sprinkler system is restricted in garden or greenhouse; however rain gun sprinklers having the advantage of covering the larger areas at a time are preferred by the farmers.

Rain gun sprinklers are very large rotating sprinklers that can be a long distance, more than 30 m at 4 bar. In the case of insufficient or expensive labor supply, the rain gun can spray large water and long distance in a short time. Newly opened plantations need to be frequently irrigated during dry months. It is crucial that the amount of sprinkler irrigation should not create water logging conditions in the field because the young seedlings are highly susceptible to excess moisture. As such the duration of sprinkling should be regulated and the intervals between irrigation schedules maintained such that the young plants and introduced tree saplings are provided with the right amount of moisture to carry on their physiological activities. Young plants are also prone to leaf damage if the water droplet size is big.

Rain gun save labour cost. In the course of technical progress, every possible saving on labour by the use of efficient sprinkler systems has become an obvious necessity on account of the ever increasing cost of labour. Also due to the fact that men labourers are difficult to find during the sprinkler season, it is more appropriate to find ways and means of alternate technology that reduces the requirement of labour. In the conventional system, nine impact sprinklers spaced at 80 feet by 80 feet are needed to sprinkle one acre of coffee. However, a single rain gun can cover almost 2 acres, there by eliminating the laying of hundreds of lateral lines and jets.

The advantages are many.
1. Highly energy efficient, Long lasting and trouble free
2. Since the jet sprinkles over a large area, it avoids the setting up a large number of smaller jets.
3. Reduces labour cost, because the pipeline within the estate is minimized so also the number of jets.
4. The precipitation varies with the nozzle size, but unlike conventional jets, overlapping is not necessary.
5. This reduces the time required for irrigation as well as the savings on diesel.
6. Part circle adjustments, saves water from going into neighboring plantations.
7. The jet is made up of Aluminum die-casting and as such, it is finely balanced.

Now days, rain gun sprinklers are preferred by the farmers for Cucumber, Lettuce, Cabbage, Green pepper, Yellow Pepper, Carrot, Golden melon, Water melon, Plantain, Banana, Coffee, Maize, Corn, Wheat, etc. As they have the advantage of covering larger areas at a time with minimum shifting.